Lime stucco has the property of being self-healing to a limited degree because of the slight water solubility of lime (which in solution can be deposited in cracks, where it solidifies). The lime itself is usually white color comes from the aggregate or any added pigments. Lime stucco is a relatively hard material that can be broken or chipped by hand without too much difficulty. This is usually done with what is considered a one-coat stucco system, as opposed to the traditional three-coat method. Sometimes additives such as acrylics and glass fibers are added to improve the structural properties of the stucco. Lime is added to increase the permeability and workability of modern stucco. Modern stucco is made of Portland cement, sand, and water. Traditional stucco is made of lime, sand, and water. At the same time, traditional lime plasters were being replaced by gypsum plaster. In the latter nineteenth century, Portland cement was added with increasing frequency in an attempt to improve the durability of stucco. Animal or plant fibers were often added for additional strength. Until the latter part of the nineteenth century, it was common that plaster, which was used inside a building, and stucco, which was used outside, would consist of the same primary materials: lime and sand (which are also used in mortar). The difference in nomenclature between stucco, plaster, and mortar is based more on use than composition. The basic composition of stucco is cement, water, and sand. The chips of quartz, stone, and colored glass measure approx. Rock dash stucco used as an exterior coating on a house on Canada's west coast. Composition Stucco used as an exterior coating on a residential building. Other European languages, notably Italian, do not have the same distinction: stucco means plaster in Italian and serves for both. As described below, however, the materials themselves often have little or no difference. In English, "stucco" sometimes refers to a coating for the outside of a building and " plaster" to a coating for interiors. Stucco can be applied on construction materials such as metal, expanded metal lath, concrete, cinder block, or clay brick and adobe for decorative and structural purposes. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and artistic material in architecture. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water.
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